基于二次繁殖的自适应差分演化算法

分析了差分演化算法的基本原理，针对基本差分演化算法对控制参数选择敏感性强、算法后期收敛速度较慢等问题，提出了基于二次繁殖的自适应差分演化算法，并通过实验对改进算法的性能进行测试。实验结果表明，改进算法的性能优于基本差分演化算法和自适应差分演化算法。     

Revenue management under randomly evolving economic conditions

We consider a dynamic pricing model in which the instantaneous rate of the demand arrival process is dependent on not only the current price charged by the concerned firm, but also the present state of the world. While reflecting the current economic condition, the state evolves in a Markovian fashion. This model represents the real‐life situation in which the sales season is relatively long compared to the fast pace at which the outside environment changes. We establish the value of being better informed on the state of the world. When reasonable monotonicity conditions are met, we show that better present economic conditions will lead to higher prices. Our computational study is partially calibrated with real data. It demonstrates that the benefit of heeding varying economic conditions is on par with the value of embracing randomness in the demand process. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 66:73–89,2019     

当前消防部队灭火救援工作存在问题及解决对策

近年来,全国消防部队开展了轰轰烈烈的执勤岗位大练兵工作,灭火救援一线官兵素质普遍得到提高,然而,随着社会的发展,兵员结构的变化和兵役制度的改革,消防部队在参加灭火救援工作还存在一些问题。分析了当前消防部队参加灭火救援工作存在的问题,并提出了相应解决对策。     

坦克嵌入式车场射击训练炮长操纵控制模型

在嵌入式射击模拟训练系统中,针对炮长操作过程对模拟训练的影响,建立了炮长操纵控制模型。炮长操纵控制模型包括炮长操纵模型和炮长射击决策模型。炮长操纵模型的建立是基于装备的物理模型和人的生理反应模型。炮长射击决策模型根据坦克射击教范要求,采用与/或正向演绎推理得到。在炮长操纵控制模型基础上,建立了射击反应时间模型,并与实际装备操作进行了比较,对建立的操纵控制模型进行了验证。     

基于深度神经网络的无线覆盖预测算法*

为保证新一代移动无线网络能够根据实时覆盖情况动态地调节小区天线参数，需要实现高效且准确的无线覆盖预测。传统的求解方法通过精确的场强预测来判断天线参数的优劣，虽然精度很高但需要大量的计算资源，无法满足5G和后5G移动网络通过实时覆盖预测进行射频参数动态调整的实际需求。现采用基于深度神经网络的算法对给定天线参数的覆盖效果进行预测，以取代对目标区域的精确场强预测。数值结果表明，该方法能够在保持计算准确性的同时显著减少计算量，为5G动态网络规划提供基础性参考数据。     

石墨烯电声换能器的设计与对比

为了使石墨烯电声换能器获得最优性能，主要针对石墨烯热致发声器件和静电式发声器件进行了发声机理研究，通过理论建模和分析，得到了薄膜尺寸、厚度以及应力等结构参数对两种电声换能器的频率响应特性的影响规律。通过微纳加工制造方法设计和制备了一批不同结构参数下的电声换能器，并对这些器件进行了性能测试和对比分析，结果表明：薄膜厚度对热致电声换能器发声声压影响显著，即薄膜越薄，该电声换能器的发声声压越大；薄膜半径、厚度和应力对静电式电声换能器的频带影响较大，即薄膜半径越大，厚度越薄，应力越小，该电声换能器频带越宽。以上研究为优化选取石墨烯电声换能器的类型，优化设计结构参数，提升器件发声性能奠定了基础。     

提高负重轮橡胶动态性能的研究

介绍了提高负重轮橡胶动态性能的研制情况,在传统的胎面胶配方基础上,通过试验确定主体生胶类型,通过调节补强填充体系和硫化体系的不同,研究混炼胶的物理性能和动态性能。结果表明,采用软、硬质炭黑并用的胎面胶,其力学性能可满足使用要求,定伸应力和抗疲劳性能有较大提高,动态生热明显降低,耐老化性能也有较大提高。     

虚拟环境下某型迫击炮自动机故障预测仿真分析研究

在对某迫击炮自动机的结构组成和机构动作分析的基础上,应用ADAMS软件建立了该武器自动机的虚拟样机模型,并结合实验数据和理论数据对自动机连发射击仿真结果的对比,验证了虚拟样机的正确性。以虚拟样机为工具,对自动机常见故障的影响因素进行了仿真分析和计算,为该武器的故障预测提供了理论依据和数据支持。     

Balancing a one‐way corridor capacity and safety‐oriented reliability: A stochastic optimization approach for metro train timetabling

In urban rail transit systems of large cities, the headway and following distance of successive trains have been compressed as much as possible to enhance the corridor capacity to satisfy extremely high passenger demand during peak hours. To prevent train collisions and ensure the safety of trains, a safe following distance of trains must be maintained. However, this requirement is subject to a series of complex factors, such as the uncertain train braking performance, train communication delay, and driver reaction time. In this paper, we propose a unified mathematical framework to analyze the safety‐oriented reliability of metro train timetables with different corridor capacities, that is, the train traffic density, and determine the most reliable train timetable for metro lines in an uncertain environment. By employing a space‐time network representation in the formulations, the reliability‐based train timetabling problem is formulated as a nonlinear stochastic programming model, in which we use 0‐1 variables to denote the time‐dependent velocity and position of all involved trains. Several reformulation techniques are developed to obtain an equivalent mixed integer programming model with quadratic constraints (MIQCP) that can be solved to optimality by some commercial solvers. To improve the computational efficiency of the MIQCP model, we develop a dual decomposition solution framework that decomposes the primal problem into several sets of subproblems by dualizing the coupling constraints across different samples. An exact dynamic programming combined with search space reduction strategies is also developed to solve the exact optimal solutions of these subproblems. Two sets of numerical experiments, which involve a relatively small‐scale case and a real‐world instance based on the operation data of the Beijing subway Changping Line are implemented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.     

电磁轨道发射器动态发射过程的数值模拟

针对电磁轨道发射器动态发射过程的数值模拟问题,基于矢量磁位A和时间积分标量电位V,采用节点单元法,并选择运动坐标系描述运动问题,推导出动态发射下的电磁轨道发射器三维涡流场有限元离散方程。结合温度场控制方程,建立电磁轨道发射器的三维电磁-温度耦合有限元模型。针对一个电磁轨道发射器动态发射问题,对模型进行数值模拟,得到了动态发射下轨道及电枢的温度场分布特点及发射器电感梯度随时间的变化规律。计算结果表明,模型计算出的脉冲电流峰值、出口电流大小、出口速度等参数均与试验结果吻合较好,验证了所开发的有限元程序代码的正确性。